Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder, cause usually by a combination of hereditary and environmental factors, and resulting in abnormally high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). DM results following impaired insulin production by the pancreatic islet cells. The most common types of the disease are type-1 DM (T1DM) and type-2 DM (T2DM).
In T1DM, the onset of the disease follow an autoimmune attack of beta cells thus causing a severe reduction in beta cell mass. In T2DM, the pathogenesis involves insulin resistance, insulin deficiency and enhanced gluconeogenesis, while late progression … Read more